Monday February 29/16

Minds On Icon Minds On

Now that you have read a short horror story and identified some of its elements, you are now going to take a portion of a short story and re-write it from a different point of view, while maintaining the horror. Ask yourself how the choices you make as a writer might affect a reader’s experience of the story.

Narrative Point of View

Narrative point of view plays an important role in establishing the atmosphere of horror. All of the stories from this unit are written in first person, meaning that you identify with narrator and you only know what he knows. Think about how changing the narrative point of view will change the story. For example, if you read Stephen King’s short story, “I am the Doorway,” you could choose to write the story from the point of view of Artie’s friend, Richard. Think about the ways in which that would change the story. There are certain things Richard wouldn’t know. There are also things Richard would know that Artie wouldn’t. So in addition to retelling a portion of the story, you’re going to have to think about including details that weren’t in the original story.

Language

Careful word choice can also create atmosphere. Here’s an example from Edgar Allen Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart”:

… Death, in approaching him had stalked with his black shadow before him, and enveloped the victim. And it was the mournful influence of the unperceived shadow that caused him to feel –although he neither saw nor heard – to feel the presence of my head within the room.

Poe

Now, Poe could have written: Death walked in and surrounded the victim. And it was the sad influence of his upcoming death that made him feel my presence in the room. That doesn’t really have the same feeling though, does it? Poe doesn’t use the word “walked”; he uses the word “stalked.” He doesn’t say “surrounded”; he says “enveloped.”

What feelings do you associate with the words Poe used as opposed to the words I used?

Sub-Genre of Horror

Two of the stories feature unreliable narrators. We can’t trust them for one reason or another. We can’t trust Artie in “I am the Doorway” because, among other reasons, he claims to have black-outs in which he does things he can’t remember. We can’t trust the narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart” because he is mad. In both cases, we are dealing with the monster within.

That means you’re dealing with Sub-Genre Two: Psychological Horror. The source of the horror comes from identifying with the abnormal psychology of the main character. In “The Lottery,” the narrative point of view is third person. This has the effect of distancing the reader from the characters, and is particularly effective given that this story is dealing with Sub-Genre Three: The Fantastic. We don’t know what’s going on until the end of the story.

When you change the narrative point of view, your sub-genre of horror may change, as well. Think about which sub-genre of horror you want to use in your retell. You will need to explain which sub-genre of horror you’ve chosen and why you chose it.

Before you begin writing your retell, you will need to think about which portion of the story you want to retell (beginning, middle, or end) and think about how changing the narrative point of view will change the events in the story and the sub-genre of horror. In order to help you do that, you will fill out the Retell_ Planning_Sheet graphic organizer, and use it to plan your ideas for your retell.

Have a look at the exemplar below that uses Little Red Riding Hood. You will be using one of the stories you read in the previous activity (or the short story “We”–if you choose “We”, you must retell the entire story).

Short Story: Little Red Riding Hood
Original Narrator: 3rd person Retell Narrator:The Wolf

Events from the section of the story I’m choosing to retell: Middle

  • Little Red Riding Hood encounters Wolf in forest on her way to Grandma’s house.

Wolf asks her where she’s going.

  • Little Red Riding Hood knows she’s not supposed to talk to strangers, but talks to the Wolf anyway. Tells him where Grandma’s house is.
  • Wolf suggests she wanders off the path to pick some flowers for Grandma.
  • Little Red Riding Hood knows she’s supposed to go straight to Grandma’s house but stops to pick the flowers.
  • Wolf leaves.

Events from the section of the story that I’m choosing to retell that my narrator would know about:

  • Wolf encounters Little Red Riding Hood in the forest on the way to Grandma’s house.
  • He asks Little Red Riding Hood where she’s going and finds out where her grandmother’s house is.
  • Wolf suggests she picks flowers for her Grandmother so he has time to get to Grandma’s house before Little Red Riding Hood.
  • Wolf watches Little Red Riding Hood go pick flowers and then leaves to find Grandma’s house.

Events that I will need to add to my retelling of this section of the story:

Wolf’s thoughts before encountering Little Red Riding Hood in the woods. Maybe he’s hungry. He doesn’t want to eat people, but he’s compelled to do it.

Wolf’s thoughts as he’s talking to Little Red Riding Hood. She looks tasty and she seems pretty gullible. He can get two meals for the price of one, but maybe he feels guilty for thinking this.

Wolf’s thoughts as he watches Little Red Riding Hood pick flowers.

Wolf arriving at Grandma’s house, and knocking on the door.

Original sub-genre of horror:

Moral Allegory

Retell sub-genre of horror:

Psychological Horror

Short Horror Story Retell
Categories Level 4
(80 – 100%)
Level 3
(70 – 79%)
Level 2
(60 – 69%)
Level 1
(50 – 59%)
Knowledge:
demonstrate knowledge of the events of the short story, sub-genres of horror, and narrative point of view.
RL1.03C.

Demonstrates an excellent knowledge of the events of the short story, sub-genres of horror, and narrative point of view.

Demonstrates considerable knowledge of the events of the short story, sub-genres of horror, and narrative point of view.

Demonstrates satisfactory knowledge of the events of the short story, sub-genres of horror, and narrative point of view.

Demonstrates limited knowledge of the events of the short story, sub-genres of horror, and narrative point of view.
Thinking:
demonstrate revisions made to rough draft to improve the content, organization, clarity, and style.
WR2.06C.

Demonstrates excellent use of feedback to improve the content, organization, clarity, and style.

Demonstrates considerable use of feedback to improve the content, organization, clarity, and style.

Demonstrates satisfactory use of feedback to improve the content, organization, clarity, and style.

Demonstrates limited use of feedback to improve the content, organization, clarity, and style.
Communication:
use language that helps establish an atmosphere of horror.
WR2.02C.

Uses language to establish an atmosphere of horror with a high degree of effectiveness.

Uses language to establish an atmosphere of horror with considerable effectiveness.

Uses language to establish an atmosphere of horror with some effectiveness.

Uses language to establish an atmosphere of horror with limited effectiveness.
use spelling rules and patterns.
WR3.01C.
Uses spelling rules and patterns with a high degree of effectiveness. Uses spelling rules and patterns with a considerable effectiveness. Uses spelling rules and patterns with some effectiveness. Uses rules and patterns with limited effectiveness.
use punctuation to communicate intended meaning.
WR3.03C.
Uses punctuation to communicate intended meaning with a high degree of accuracy. Uses punctuation to communicate intended meaning with considerable accuracy. Uses punctuation to communicate intended meaning with some accuracy. Uses punctuation to communicate intended meaning with limited accuracy.
use grammar conventions to communicate intended meaning.
WR3.04C
Uses grammar conventions to communicate intended meaning with a high degree of clarity. Uses grammar conventions to communicate intended meaning with considerable clarity. Uses grammar conventions to communicate intended meaning with some clarity. Uses grammar conventions to communicate intended meaning with limited clarity.
Application:
apply knowledge of one of the three sub- sub-genres of horror.
WR3.07C.

Applies knowledge of one of the three sub-genres of horror with a high degree of effectiveness.

Applies knowledge of one of the three sub-genres of horror with considerable effectiveness.

Applies knowledge of one of the three sub-genres of horror with some effectiveness.

Applies knowledge of one of the three sub-genres of horror with limited effectiveness.
Your retell is due on Wednesday March 2

Thursday and Friday February 24 and 25

You’ve already learned three different theories that explain why some people like to read scary stories or watch scary movies. Now you’re going to learn about three different types of horror stories.

This engraving is called “The Sleep Of Reason Produces Monsters.” How does the engraving and its title relate to Freud’s ideas and King’s ideas about horror and fear?

This is a picture of an engraving called The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters. It shows a man asleep at his desk with dark flying creatures like bats and owls all around him.Engraving by Spanish painter and printmaker, Francisco Goya, Los Caprichos, 1797-99

Review: Three Sub-Genres of Horror

We can usually classify horror stories as belonging to one of three sub-genres. It’s possible for a story to contain elements from all three sub-genres, but it usually fits into one genre more than others. The key is figuring out what the source of the horror is in the story. In other words, what, specifically, is creating the feeling of horror?

Sub-Genre One: Moral Allegory

You break a rule, you get punished. The rule and punishment may or may not make sense and may or may not involve horrible death. This is the genre where you’ll find the most commentary on our society. There is usually a focus on the battle between good and evil. Often there will be some kind of intrusion of supernatural evil into the everyday world. Examples: most fairytales, The Exorcist, The Omen.

Sub-Genre Two: Psychological Horror

This genre focuses on deviant or abnormal human psychology. The abnormal human or creature through his or its acts or being creates the horror. The “monster” is at the center of the story and often represents some aspect of ourselves. The “monster” can be supernatural or human. Examples: Silence of the Lambs, Psycho, Cape Fear.

Sub-Genre Three: The Fantastic

The source of the horror comes from not knowing. There is often a supernatural occurrence but we only know about it indirectly. No explanation is offered or the explanation doesn’t make sense in everyday reality. Examples: The Others, The Blair Witch Project, The Dome.

Source: Richard Davenport-Hines (1998). Gothic: 1500 Years of Excess, Horror, Evil and Ruin. London: Fourth Estate.

Next, choose one of the following short stories to read. As you read, fill out this I_Read_I_Think_Therefore graphic organizer. See the example below for an explanation about how to fill out the organizer.

 

I Read…

I Think…

In this section, summarize the events of the story. Be specific. You can use quotations and/or paraphrase.

In this section, explain how specific elements from the story seem to correspond to one of the sub-genres of horror.

Therefore…

In this section, draw conclusions about the effects this story has on the reader.

Under “I Read” summarize the events of the story. Under “I Think” jot down your reactions to what you read. What did it remind you of? What were your personal reactions to the story? What questions did you have? Under “Therefore” draw some conclusions about the story. What do you think the main idea of the story was? What is the overall message or theme?

Short Stories

I AM THE DOORWAY: A short story, by Stephen King, told from the point of view of a crippled former astronaut. He provides an account of the terrifying change he undergoes after being exposed to some sort of contagion during a space mission to Venus.

THE TELLTALE HEART: A short story, by Edgar Allan Poe, which was first published in 1843, is told by an unnamed narrator who endeavors to convince the reader of his sanity, while describing a murder he committed.

THE LOTTERY: A short story, by Shirley Jackson, first published in 1948, is about a small town with a dark tradition.

Fill out the following short story chart for the story you read Short Story Chart

Both charts to be submitted on Sesame by the end of the day.

Wednesday February 24/16

Today we’re going to start by taking up the Stephen King on Fear questions (so if you wanted to resubmit, now’s you’re last chance).

Stephen King on Fear

Then we will work on the questions for the short story We (read yesterday). These are due at the end of the period finished or not.

Friday February 19/16

Last day to do recordings!

We will start today with silent reading for 20 minutes.

Your Stephen King questions are due at the end of the period.

Then we  will do a note on three different types of horror fiction. If you are away today make sure you click the link to get the ppt.

 

Thursday, February 18

Today we will be recording essays today in pairs.

While we record we’ll continue working on the Stephen King on Fear questions. Those must be completed by tomorrow.

We will also brainstorm a list of scary movies and tv shows and classify them in terms of types.

Wednesday February 17/16

I know February can be kind of a bummer. But look at this guy!

Moving on…

Today we’ll begin by looking at two videos of effective speakers and we’ll make a list of what they do well. Then we’ll take ideas from that list to make our own list of criteria for an effective speaker (scroll down to a post from last week with two videos).

What they did well:

  • Passionate-showed the emotion of the piece
  • Varies tone in order to set up main point
  • Volume was never quiet, however, it did vary.
  • Repeat for emphasis
  • Slow down for emphasis
  • Pause for emphasis–vary your speed
  • Enunciate clearly

Observations made about content:

  • Makes a point and sticks to it
  • Uses detail to support main point

After we’ve finished that if there’s anyone who would like record their essay today, they can otherwise you must bring a recorded copy tomorrow (or record tomorrow).

IF you’re not recording today, please begin working on the questions from the essay you got yesterday.

Wednesday February 17/16

We’ll begin today with the following:

Brainstorm a list of scary movies/stories and categorize them in terms of similarities and differences.

Then we’ll watch some videos of some effective speakers and comment on their strengths and weaknesses to create a list of criteria for you to use when recording your essays.

If some of you are ready to record your essays we may have time today while the rest of the class works on the questions from yesterday.

Recordings are due tomorrow, otherwise you will have to record during class time. All recordings must be finished by the end of class on Friday. Please be aware this is a major assignment.

Tuesday February 16

Your personal essays are due today for peer editing so we will do that first.  This is the form you will need to hand in when you submit your essay for complete marks:Personal Oral Essay peer edit

Then we’re going to move on a discussion:

Here is your statement: Human beings enjoy being scared.

Then we’re going to brainstorm a list of scary movies/stories and categorize them in terms of similarities and differences.

Next we’ll read a personal essay by Stephen King to find out what he thinks about horror. (We may not get this far today. If not we’ll start with this tomorrow.

Handouts for today:

King on Fear